车辆工程(Automotive Engineering),准确的称呼应是汽车工程,是以轿车、摩托车、货车、火车等为研究对象的一门工程学科。该专业所涉及的内容包括对以车辆为核心的机械、电子、电气、软件及安全工程等的设计、制造及研发。传统上的车辆工程一般分为车身、底盘和发动机三个子领域。车身主要包括车厢设计、安全性考量、轮胎、空调系统及电子系统的设计与分布等;底盘主要设计汽车的动力传递和机械及电子控制系统;发动机主要研究汽车动力与引擎。
在国内,车辆工程与汽车工程一般不作区分,且可能更为常用。但严格意义上来说,汽车工程只是车辆工程的一个分支学科:车辆工程英文应为“Vehicle Engineering”,是一门包括汽车工程(Automotive Engineering)、航空航天工程(Aerospace Engineering)、和海洋工程(Marine Engineering,专指造船)的广泛的工程学科。
在国内,车辆工程与汽车工程一般不作区分,且可能更为常用。但严格意义上来说,汽车工程只是车辆工程的一个分支学科:车辆工程英文应为“Vehicle Engineering”,是一门包括汽车工程(Automotive Engineering)、航空航天工程(Aerospace Engineering)、和海洋工程(Marine Engineering,专指造船)的广泛的工程学科。
常见学位 | BS、M.Eng、PhD |
典型职业与薪水 | 机械工程师:$84,770 |
签证敏感度 | 无 |
高中课程准备 | 理科 |
所属专业领域 | 工科 |
相关排名 | 2015USNEWS机械工程排名 |
课程列表
手动变速器和驱动桥原理 | Manual Transmission and Transaxle Principles |
转向和悬架 | Steering and Suspension |
发动机原理 | Engine Principles |
燃料和排放控制基础 | Basic Fuel and Emission Control Systems |
发动机电气系统 | Engine Electrical Systems |
机械制图 | Technical Drawing and Print Reading |
电子与电路技术 | Circuits and Electronics |
机电一体化 | Electromechanics |
流体力学与热传导 | Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer |
机械振动 | Mechanical Vibrations |
应力分析 | Stress Analysis |
动力总成系统 | Powertrain Systems |
汽车设计与制造 | Automotive Design and Manufacture |
就业状况
车辆工程专业的毕业生主要进入汽车、火车等的制造行业,相较常规的机械工程,车辆工程专业的毕业生薪水普遍较高。车辆工程目前在国内正是方兴未艾,在美国的产业集中地主要位于五大湖区、德克萨斯、堪萨斯州和加州等地,尤其以密歇根的底特律最为著名,通用汽车总部便是位于这里,福特汽车的总部迪尔伯恩也隶属密歇根州,与底特律相距不远。
以美国为例,车辆工程专业的典型从业职业及薪水如下:
- 机械工程师(Mechanical Engineers):$84,770
2015USNews美国大学研究生机械工程专业排名
排名 | 院校 | 学费 | 工程专业研究生注册总人数 |
#1 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, MA |
$43,210 per year (full-time) | 3,174 |
#1 | Stanford University Stanford, CA |
$45,480 per year (full-time) | 3,517 |
#3 | California Institute of Technology Pasadena, CA |
$39,990 per year (full-time) | 569 |
#3 | University of California-Berkeley Berkeley, CA |
$11,220 per year (in-state, full-time); $26,322 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 1,936 |
#5 | Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, GA |
$11,324 per year (in-state, full-time); $27,330 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 4,576 |
#5 | University of Illinois-Urbana-Champaign Urbana, IL |
$16,754 per year (in-state, full-time); $30,246 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 3,154 |
#5 | University of Michigan-Ann Arbor Ann Arbor, MI |
$22,322 per year (in-state, full-time); $41,998 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 3,178 |
#8 | Cornell University Ithaca, NY |
$29,530 per year (full-time) | 1,812 |
#8 | Princeton University Princeton, NJ |
$40,170 per year (full-time) | 576 |
#10 | Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, PA |
$40,000 per year (full-time) | 3,157 |
#10 | Purdue University-West Lafayette West Lafayette, IN |
$10,332 per year (in-state, full-time); $29,134 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 3,333 |
#10 | University of Texas-Austin (Cockrell) Austin, TX |
$9,564 per year (in-state, full-time); $17,506 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 2,397 |
#13 | Johns Hopkins University (Whiting) Baltimore, MD |
$45,470 per year (full-time) | 3,296 |
#13 | Northwestern University (McCormick) Evanston, IL |
$45,120 per year (full-time) | 1,799 |
#13 | University of California-Los Angeles (Samueli) Los Angeles, CA |
$12,562 per year (in-state, full-time); $27,664 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 1,854 |
#16 | University of Minnesota-Twin Cities Minneapolis, MN |
$14,708 per year (in-state, full-time); $22,990 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 1,928 |
#17 | Pennsylvania State University-University Park University Park, PA |
$19,304 per year (in-state, full-time); $32,416 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 1,719 |
#17 | Texas A&M University-College Station (Look) College Station, TX |
$227 per credit (in-state, full-time); $581 per credit (out-of-state, full-time) | 3,066 |
#17 | University of Maryland-College Park (Clark) College Park, MD |
$11,460 per year (in-state, full-time); $24,720 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 2,150 |
#17 | Virginia Tech Blacksburg, VA |
$11,184 per year (in-state, full-time); $22,146 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 2,193 |
#21 | University of California-San Diego (Jacobs) La Jolla, CA |
$11,220 per year (in-state, full-time); $26,322 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 1,715 |
#21 | University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison, WI |
$11,858 per year (in-state, full-time); $25,184 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 1,940 |
#23 | Ohio State University Columbus, OH |
$11,928 per year (in-state, full-time); $29,592 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 1,680 |
#23 | Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy, NY |
$45,100 per year (full-time) | 783 |
#23 | University of Washington Seattle, WA |
$14,904 per year (in-state, full-time); $27,594 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 2,139 |
#26 | Columbia University (Fu Foundation) New York, NY |
$39,360 per year (full-time) | 2,827 |
#26 | Duke University (Pratt) Durham, NC |
$47,100 per year (full-time) | 981 |
#26 | Harvard University Cambridge, MA |
$38,888 per year (full-time) | 449 |
#26 | Rice University (Brown) Houston, TX |
$38,260 per year (full-time) | 760 |
#26 | University of California-Santa Barbara Santa Barbara, CA |
$12,991 per year (in-state, full-time); $28,093 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 765 |
#26 | University of Florida Gainesville, FL |
$12,642 per year (in-state, full-time); $30,035 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 2,739 |
#26 | University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA |
$28,768 per year (full-time) | 1,609 |
#26 | University of Southern California (Viterbi) Los Angeles, CA |
$29,448 per year (full-time) | 4,857 |
#34 | University of California-Davis Davis, CA |
$13,109 per year (in-state, full-time); $28,211 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 1,130 |
#34 | University of Colorado-Boulder Boulder, CO |
$12,960 per year (in-state, full-time); $29,142 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 1,623 |
#36 | Case Western Reserve University Cleveland, OH |
$38,588 per year (full-time) | 633 |
#36 | Iowa State University Ames, IA |
$9,046 per year (in-state, full-time); $21,304 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 1,161 |
#36 | Michigan State University East Lansing, MI |
$621 per credit (in-state, full-time); $1,220 per credit (out-of-state, full-time) | 897 |
#36 | Yale University New Haven, CT |
$36,500 per year (full-time) | 196 |
#40 | North Carolina State University Raleigh, NC |
$7,173 per year (in-state, full-time); $19,511 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 2,929 |
#40 | University of Notre Dame Notre Dame, IN |
$43,980 per year (full-time) | 484 |
#42 | Arizona State University (Fulton) Tempe, AZ |
$10,300 per year (in-state, full-time); $25,286 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 3,136 |
#42 | Lehigh University (Rossin) Bethlehem, PA |
$1,300 per credit (full-time) | 826 |
#42 | Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey-New Brunswick Piscataway, NJ |
$15,552 per year (in-state, full-time); $25,704 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 1,162 |
#42 | University of California-Irvine (Samueli) Irvine, CA |
$13,812 per year (in-state, full-time); $28,914 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 1,325 |
#42 | University of Virginia Charlottesville, VA |
$14,358 per year (in-state, full-time); $23,682 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 655 |
#42 | Vanderbilt University Nashville, TN |
$1,747 per credit (full-time) | 495 |
#42 | Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis, MO |
$44,100 per year (full-time) | 879 |
#49 | Dartmouth College (Thayer) Hanover, NH |
$45,445 per year (full-time) | 291 |
#49 | Drexel University Philadelphia, PA |
$29,295 per year (full-time) | 1,146 |
#49 | University at Buffalo-SUNY Buffalo, NY |
$9,870 per year (in-state, full-time); $18,350 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 1,801 |
#52 | Boston University Boston, MA |
$43,970 per year (full-time) | 907 |
#52 | Colorado School of Mines Golden, CO |
$14,400 per year (in-state, full-time); $30,330 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 1,269 |
#52 | University of Arizona Tucson, AZ |
$10,508 per year (in-state, full-time); $26,380 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 1,041 |
#52 | University of Iowa Iowa City, IA |
$8,106 per year (in-state, full-time); $24,690 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 412 |
#52 | University of Pittsburgh (Swanson) Pittsburgh, PA |
$22,916 per year (in-state, full-time); $37,528 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 1,067 |
#57 | Clemson University Clemson, SC |
$9,392 per year (in-state, full-time); $19,536 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 1,427 |
#57 | Northeastern University Boston, MA |
$1,315 per credit (full-time) | 2,690 |
#57 | University of Connecticut Storrs, CT |
$11,456 per year (in-state, full-time); $29,740 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 873 |
#57 | Washington State University Pullman, WA |
$11,746 per year (in-state, full-time); $25,178 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 662 |
#61 | George Washington University Washington, DC |
$1,440 per credit (full-time) | 1,701 |
#61 | Michigan Technological University Houghton, MI |
$14,202 per year (in-state, full-time); $14,202 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 907 |
#61 | Missouri University of Science & Technology Rolla, MO |
$6,661 per year (in-state, full-time); $17,199 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 1,196 |
#61 | Oregon State University Corvallis, OR |
$13,644 per year (in-state, full-time); $21,177 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 912 |
#61 | Stony Brook University-SUNY Stony Brook, NY |
$9,870 per year (in-state, full-time); $18,350 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 1,393 |
#61 | Syracuse University Syracuse, NY |
$1,294 per credit (full-time) | 996 |
#61 | University of Cincinnati Cincinnati, OH |
$12,522 per year (in-state, full-time); $24,036 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 870 |
#61 | University of Illinois-Chicago Chicago, IL |
$13,966 per year (in-state, full-time); $25,964 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 1,117 |
#61 | University of Tennessee-Knoxville Knoxville, TN |
$10,944 per year (in-state, full-time); $29,432 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 980 |
#61 | University of Utah Salt Lake City, UT |
$6,242 per year (in-state, full-time); $17,772 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 1,180 |
#71 | Brigham Young University (Fulton) Provo, UT |
$12,260 per year (full-time) | 389 |
#71 | Colorado State University Fort Collins, CO |
$10,450 per year (in-state, full-time); $23,240 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 726 |
#71 | Illinois Institute of Technology (Armour) Chicago, IL |
$1,204 per credit (full-time) | 1,587 |
#71 | Southern Methodist University Dallas, TX |
$1,130 per credit (full-time) | 936 |
#71 | University of Kansas Lawrence, KS |
$346 per credit (in-state, full-time); $810 per credit (out-of-state, full-time) | |
#71 | University of North Carolina-Charlotte (Lee) Charlotte, NC |
$5,808 per year (in-state, full-time); $18,095 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 500 |
#71 | University of Rochester Rochester, NY |
$1,395 per credit (full-time) | 605 |
#71 | Worcester Polytechnic Institute Worcester, MA |
$23,058 per year (full-time) | 1,125 |
#79 | Kansas State University Manhattan, KS |
$350 per credit (in-state, full-time); $790 per credit (out-of-state, full-time) | 468 |
#79 | Louisiana State University-Baton Rouge Baton Rouge, LA |
$6,631 per year (in-state, full-time); $24,706 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 667 |
#79 | Tufts University Medford, MA |
$27,472 per year (full-time) | 592 |
#79 | University of California-Riverside (Bourns) Riverside, CA |
$11,220 per year (in-state, full-time); $26,332 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 594 |
#79 | University of Kentucky Lexington, KY |
$10,772 per year (in-state, full-time); $22,838 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 518 |
#79 | University of Massachusetts-Amherst Amherst, MA |
$2,640 per year (in-state, full-time); $9,937 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 882 |
#79 | University of Missouri Columbia, MO |
$6,452 per year (in-state, full-time); $15,114 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 651 |
#79 | University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln, NE |
$394 per credit (in-state, full-time); $1,022 per credit (out-of-state, full-time) | 606 |
#79 | University of New Mexico Albuquerque, NM |
$5,433 per year (in-state, full-time); $20,002 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 788 |
#88 | Auburn University (Ginn) Auburn University, AL |
$8,262 per year (in-state, full-time); $24,786 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 883 |
#88 | Florida A&M University - Florida State University Tallahassee, FL |
$479 per credit (in-state, full-time); $1,110 per credit (out-of-state, full-time) | 269 |
#88 | New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark, NJ |
$17,384 per year (in-state, full-time); $25,404 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 1,356 |
#88 | New York University Brooklyn, NY |
$1,363 per credit (full-time) | 2,365 |
#88 | San Diego State University San Diego, CA |
$6,766 per year (in-state, full-time); $372 per credit (out-of-state, full-time) | 328 |
#88 | Stevens Institute of Technology (Schaefer) Hoboken, NJ |
$30,200 per year (full-time) | 1,861 |
#88 | University of Houston (Cullen) Houston, TX |
$483 per credit (in-state, full-time); $837 per credit (out-of-state, full-time) | 1,208 |
#88 | University of Oklahoma Norman, OK |
$175 per credit (in-state, full-time); $675 per credit (out-of-state, full-time) | 555 |
#88 | University of South Carolina Columbia, SC |
$12,378 per year (in-state, full-time); $25,698 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 534 |
#97 | Binghamton University-SUNY (Watson) Binghamton, NY |
$11,474 per year (in-state, full-time); $19,954 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 823 |
#97 | Clarkson University Potsdam, NY |
$1,324 per credit (full-time) | 204 |
#97 | CUNY-City College (Grove) New York, NY |
$10,740 per year (in-state, full-time); $790 per credit (out-of-state, full-time) | 613 |
#97 | Oklahoma State University Stillwater, OK |
$178 per credit (in-state, full-time); $728 per credit (out-of-state, full-time) | 928 |
#97 | Temple University Philadelphia, PA |
$853 per credit (in-state, full-time); $1,150 per credit (out-of-state, full-time) | 260 |
#97 | Texas Tech University (Whitacre) Lubbock, TX |
$253 per credit (in-state, full-time); $607 per credit (out-of-state, full-time) | 728 |
#97 | University of Alabama Tuscaloosa, AL |
$9,450 per year (in-state, full-time); $23,950 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 339 |
#97 | University of Central Florida Orlando, FL |
$357 per credit (in-state, full-time); $1,182 per credit (out-of-state, full-time) | 1,264 |
#97 | University of Dayton Dayton, OH |
$888 per credit (full-time) | 736 |
#97 | University of Texas-Arlington Arlington, TX |
$8,558 per year (in-state, full-time); $15,100 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 1,803 |
#97 | University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Milwaukee, WI |
$11,596 per year (in-state, full-time); $24,061 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 397 |
#97 | West Virginia University Morgantown, WV |
$8,280 per year (in-state, full-time); $21,906 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 698 |
#109 | Indiana University-Purdue University-Indianapolis Indianapolis, IN |
$359 per credit (in-state, full-time); $1,027 per credit (out-of-state, full-time) | 260 |
#109 | Mississippi State University (Bagley) Mississippi State, MS |
$6,672 per year (in-state, full-time); $16,860 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 590 |
#109 | Santa Clara University Santa Clara, CA |
$830 per credit (full-time) | 710 |
#109 | University of Alabama-Huntsville Huntsville, AL |
$8,912 per year (in-state, full-time); $20,774 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 729 |
#109 | University of Arkansas-Fayetteville Fayetteville, AR |
$362 per credit (in-state, full-time); $855 per credit (out-of-state, full-time) | 459 |
#109 | University of Maryland-Baltimore County Baltimore, MD |
$530 per credit (in-state, full-time); $878 per credit (out-of-state, full-time) | 634 |
#109 | University of Miami Coral Gables, FL |
$1,730 per credit (full-time) | 276 |
#109 | University of Rhode Island Kingston, RI |
$11,532 per year (in-state, full-time); $23,606 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 231 |
#109 | Utah State University Logan, UT |
$6,678 per year (in-state, full-time); $20,276 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 420 |
#109 | Wayne State University Detroit, MI |
$643 per credit (in-state, full-time); $1,288 per credit (out-of-state, full-time) | 1,019 |
#119 | New Mexico State University Las Cruces, NM |
$5,398 per year (in-state, full-time); $18,821 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 471 |
#119 | Old Dominion University Norfolk, VA |
N/A | N/A |
#119 | University of Akron Akron, OH |
$7,430 per year (in-state, full-time); $12,722 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 414 |
#119 | University of Colorado-Denver Denver, CO |
$4,375 per year (in-state, full-time); $11,950 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 410 |
#119 | University of Hawaii-Manoa Honolulu, HI |
N/A | N/A |
#119 | University of Louisville (Speed) Louisville, KY |
$10,778 per year (in-state, full-time); $22,446 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 615 |
#119 | University of New Hampshire Durham, NH |
$13,500 per year (in-state, full-time); $26,200 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 269 |
#119 | University of Texas-Dallas (Jonsson) Richardson, TX |
$11,940 per year (in-state, full-time); $21,606 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 2,096 |
#119 | University of Tulsa Tulsa, OK |
$1,087 per credit (full-time) | 209 |
#119 | University of Vermont Burlington, VT |
$572 per credit (in-state, full-time); $1,444 per credit (out-of-state, full-time) | 123 |
#119 | University of Wyoming Laramie, WY |
$210 per credit (in-state, full-time); $629 per credit (out-of-state, full-time) | 220 |
#119 | Wichita State University Wichita, KS |
$253 per credit (in-state, full-time); $638 per credit (out-of-state, full-time) | 754 |
#119 | Wright State University Dayton, OH |
$12,514 per year (in-state, full-time); $21,258 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 831 |
#132 | Howard University Washington, DC |
N/A | N/A |
#132 | Marquette University Milwaukee, WI |
$1,025 per credit (full-time) | 181 |
#132 | Montana State University Bozeman, MT |
$5,200 per year (in-state, full-time); $14,840 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 192 |
#132 | Ohio University (Russ) Athens, OH |
$8,474 per year (in-state, full-time); $16,466 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 424 |
#132 | University of Alabama-Birmingham Birmingham, AL |
$6,390 per year (in-state, full-time); $15,030 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 451 |
#132 | University of Denver Denver, CO |
$39,744 per year (full-time) | 232 |
#132 | University of Massachusetts-Lowell (Francis) Lowell, MA |
$12,039 per year (in-state, full-time); $21,874 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 975 |
#132 | University of Nevada-Reno Reno, NV |
$364 per credit (in-state, full-time); $1,163 per credit (out-of-state, full-time) | 255 |
#132 | University of South Florida Tampa, FL |
$10,428 per year (in-state, full-time); $21,126 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 865 |
#132 | University of Toledo Toledo, OH |
$13,035 per year (in-state, full-time); $23,269 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 372 |
#132 | Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond, VA |
$9,541 per year (in-state, full-time); $20,338 per year (out-of-state, full-time) | 248 |